precautionary policing The authors hypothesized that the police officers, as well as staff negotiations with risk, indicate a paradigmatic shift from the traditional policing to precautionary policing. The concept of precautionary policing remains a hot topic of discussion by social science scholars and international human rights activists. Furthermore, they hypothesized that risk management constitutes the backbone of good governance both in the public and private sectors. Additionally, they posit that the mitigative measures put in place by governmental and non-governmental agencies are viewed as the cornerstone to the new management control. The authors assert that risk management is contingent on crime management and power within the policing context. The data was collected through ethnographic fieldwork in a police force control room (FCR). The focus was based on England to establish how law officers and staff construct narratives of risk. The focal point of the study was on the police response to domestic violence. The research was conducted on 26 police officers who were taken through a rigorous ethnography within a total of 55 hours. The respondents in the participation were…
Post-Independence Challenges in Angola and Rwanda After independence many African leaders did not know how to run the governments. Most of the countries have experienced ethnic and religion clashes and they have spent most of the initial independence years fighting rather than developing their nation. This paper will discuss the post colonial challenges experienced in Rwanda and Angola and the solutions that their leaders are giving to the problem facing the counties. Since independence, Angola has had a history of violence and conflict since they have not been able to make their government work and make a democratic transition. Angola has always served the interest of the few minority groups, leaving the majority population out. Therefore, there are high levels of poverty, child and maternal deaths, and illiteracy levels. The attempts to create a stable and democratic government has been underway, but there are a few stabling blocks to achieve this. The people have gone to election and turned out in great numbers and although the international agency and other observers claim the elections were free and fair, the…
IMPACT OF CULTURE AND COMPETITION IN BUSINESS STRATEGY Having a clear and robust business strategy is one of the pillars of becoming a successful business. Business strategy gets defined as the method through which a company uses to accomplish its set out objectives and goals and is usually between three and five years. The plan guides every decision-making process in the organization, how resources get allocated, and how the business operations get conducted to meet the company’s desired targets. Business strategy gets influenced by various factors, including organizational habits and competition. The culture at any organization involves the standards, beliefs, values, principles, and actions that are responsible for the unique psychological and social environment in a firm (Flamholtz and Randle, 2011, 6). Competition, on the other hand, represents the rivalry that exists between two firms in the same sector, producing and selling the same commodities or service with the shared aim of increasing revenues and their customer base (Ireland, Hoskisson and Hitt, 2009, 51). This paper aims to: 1) Define competition and analyze its influence on the strategy-making decision in…
Poor Communication in Healthcare Actually, in all healthcare, communication is a crucial component, and to thrive, health organizations should recognize the importance of communication. The management should consider innovative ways of developing communication due to current technology (Anderson et al., 2017). The paper discusses the issue of poor communication in the health sector and personal proposal on how I feel the sharing of information can be improved. Evidence-based Practices and Poor Communication An increase in demand for services due to a rise in the population of patients, ineffective communication between patients and staff is a concerning issue. Effective communication enables better services to patients as it enhances good relationships and coordination between departments. It is the work of stakeholders to ensure an effective communication system between the departments (Leonard, 2017). Poor communication is also associated with social, ethical and economic implications. Due to miscommunication, a family can mourn losing their loved ones, a situation that could have been avoided if communication was effective. According to Shitu et al. (2018), medical errors can make patients seek sophisticated treatment, which is expensive.…
Reflection Paper on Popular culture Popular culture is all around us whether or not we are aware of it. It shapes our opinions and enlightens us about the transformations happening around us. I interact with popular culture daily through what I listen to on the radio, read in the newspaper, and watch on the television. I mostly use the internet to interact with popular culture. In today’s modern world, the internet is responsible for shaping opinions. According to Pew Research (2008), unlike the 19th century, newspapers, television broadcasts, and even scientific discoveries are today accessible through the internet. My reaction to popular culture depends on whether or not I am interested in the pop culture artifact. For instance, I don’t find modern fashion as compelling as contemporary music. I, therefore, choose to interact with the later. I react to pop culture I am drawn to by sharing artifacts with family and friends and giving my feedback to the owners. Through studying popular culture, I have come to understand that culture changes over time. The perceptions of popular culture in the…
Equal rights amendment (ERA) It was a suggested reformation presented to the United States constitution developed to assure equality on legal rights for all American citizens irrespective of their sex. It seeks to bring to end the legal disparities between men and women when it comes to settling matters such as employment, divorce, and property. The first amendment to be introduced to Congress was in the year 1923 by Crystal Eastman and Alice Paul. In the early history of ERA, the middle-class women were found in full support of the presentation, with the spokespersons of the working class .despising the same defense that the employed women were advocating for special needs, protections relating to working conditions and the environment as well as working hours. Increased movements of women movements around the state in the 1960s raised the popularity of the recommendations, which were then approved by the house of the representatives in 1971 with the Senate supporting the same in 1972 from where the ERA recommendations were presented to the state legislature for ratification as it is evidenced in the…
Apocryphal Images The topic of Apocryphal images is essential in showing the extent of the growth of theology literature and content. It provides insights on the high level of quest which people had in establishing specific biblical content that could be used to explain a particular phenomenon. The Apocryphal images of Jesus provide insights into the sacredness of the Messiah. Being edified high above people and appearing in an almost glaring image, it serves as an indication that Jesus is way above human beings (Christianity Today). Humans need to consider Jesus as high above them and be more willing to look upon Him to provide them the solace they need. As shown in the people shown on the image, which are looking up to him, it is necessary for human beings. Throughout the Gospel, various titles have been given to refer to Jesus so to show how important He is. For instance, He is regarded as the Messiah, meaning Savior, the Son of God, Christ, Emmanuel, meaning “God with us” and Son of man. The titles are essential in showing…
Police and the Limit of the Law Sekhon, Nirej. Police and the limit of the law. Columbia Law Review, Vol. 119 1713-1774, 2019 The author hypothesized that discriminatory actions labeled against the juvenile, graft cases as well as lack of political goodwill that undermines the concept of transparency and accountability are the indicators of the gross criticisms that are leveled against the law enforcers. They posit that the ills of today are reminiscence to the ills witnessed in the 1960s when the subject of public debate was the municipal police. Furthermore, they hypothesized that despite the reforms, there had been very little evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed reforms, as can be witnessed by modus operandi in the police sector. The commentators on legal issues assert that the traditional problems are still continuing to be witnessed in the manner the police treat the members of the public. In particular, they point that the Fourth Amendment is still being violated by aggressive police officers. The authors opine that this is also made possible by the freedom enjoyed by the…
Analysis of Interpersonal Communication in Green Book Interpersonal communication is the process of sharing information, thoughts, and emotion, and this can be through verbal articulation or non-verbal communication techniques such as body language or gestures. In other words, the social world can be creative and alive as a result of interpersonal communication. People can function in groups and teams as they work on different projects due to their ability to communicate and understand one another regardless of the means that the person uses to pass the message across. The effectiveness of interpersonal communication can be seen through the relationships that are shared between closed ones such as family members and those of people in romantic relationships. These relationships are also known as personal, and its mainly because they impact a person directly. Wood (2015) defines that “a relationship defined by uniqueness, rules, relationship dialects, commitment, and embeddedness in contexts. Personal relationships, unlike common ones, are irreplaceable” (194). These types of communication impact on the choices that people make, including the process of making decisions, especially in contemporary times. Communication is…
Introduction to the History of Asian Art Islamic, Buddhist, and Hindu Cultures Question 1 Achievements of the Shang Dynasty The Shang Dynasty is one of the oldest Dynasties in China after the Xia Dynasty. The Shang leader, Tang, took over after overthrowing Xia leader, Jie. The Shang Dynasty reigned from c.1600-1046BCE. Since many historians still question the existence of the Xia Dynasty (c.2700-1600BCE), the Shang Dynasty is believed to the first Dynasty in ancient China (Tregear, 1968). The Shang Dynasty came at a time when the economy was stable. As a result of the economic stability enjoyed during the era of the Shang Dynasty, a lot was accomplished, including cultural advancements, including bronze castings, writing, calendar, and religious rituals. The Shang Dynasty was overthrown by the Zhou, who was then defeated by the Qin Dynasty, who founded current China. It is worth noting that before the Zhou and the Qin Dynasties, the Chinese culture had already been formed (Tregear, 1968). This means that if historians were to disregard the existence of the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty was responsible for…