Explanation of different information systems

Explanation of different information systems

From a computer science point of view, an information system is an integration of different components working together to produce information. There are various components that are in an information system. These components can be identified through the use of a five-component framework. This is a model of the component that a system entails. From this framework, the components are; computer hardware, software, data, instructions, and users. Through the integration of these components, there is a production of a system.

To analyses the component, the hardware and users are the outermost components of the system. Software and instructions are a procedure that is used to run an operation. In this, the software instructs hardware while directive instructs users. Data is the connecting component that connects a computer and humans. When all these components work together, useful information is produced that can be used to solve problems in real life. During the development of an information system, the purpose is first defined, and through it, the nature of the system is determined.

Computer hardware includes keyboards, monitors, memory, speakers, and others. Their main use is to load data to the system and display the information after processing. The software includes programs and systems that run on hardware. An example of software is an operating system. Another example is Microsoft office. Through software, data is being processed. Instructions are guidelines that help in loading information to the machine. They give directions on how to use software or a system. Data are information that is loaded to the system for processing. This may be in written form, video, or audios. After processing, data is released in the form of information. Users are people who implement the working of the system. This is an essential component through its integration if these systems are maximized.

Porter’s five forces model

This is a model that identifies, discusses, and analyzes five competitive forces shaping an industry. Through this model, the industry can determine its weaknesses and strengths. The model helps in the identification of the five effects, which include customers’ bargaining power, the substitution of threats, suppliers’ bargaining powers, threats associated with new entrants, and differences among existing organizations. After analysis, a company will stand a position to make a decision that will be of favor to its activities.

Explanation of different information systems

A collaboration information system is a multi-user program that allows different users to access and use order at the same time. In most cases, this system gives room for team members to work from a different place but solve the same problem. An excellent example of this system is an email, git-hub account, and group calendars. A database management system is a package of software that is used to design, manipulate, retrieve, and manage information in a database. An example of this system is Microsoft Access, MySQL, and SQL server.

A content management system is a platform that can be used to control the creation and modification of digital information. An example of this system is Joomla, Wix, and Magento. A knowledge management/expert system is a system that can copy and make a decision as a human being. These systems are believed to have the ability to reason. A robot is an excellent example of these systems. A customer relationship management system is a system that manages company activities through the use of technology. It facilitates connectivity with an organization, thus improving the effectiveness of all the involved persons. An example is sales systems.

An enterprise resource planning system is a software that allows an organization to integrate different applications for easy business management. Some of these systems include sales order processing systems, human resource, and financial systems. Social media IS are websites and applications designed to share information. An example is Facebook and Twitter. A business intelligence/decision support system refers to systems that help in business analysis. When data is fed into these systems, a conclusion is attained. A good example of such systems is hybrid systems. An enterprise information system can be defined as systems that control the activities within an enterprise. An example is a customer registration system.

Technical and human safeguard

Technical safeguards comprise both hardware and software components. An example is a strong password. A password is said to be healthy if it has a combination of letters, numbers, and special characters. A strong password reduces the possibility of a hacker to get access to your system. Another technical safeguard is a two-way authentication protocol. This is where a user is supposed to authorize a login using code sent to their email and their phone number. An example of human safeguard is training and educating personnel on dangers associated with security in businesses and organizations. During this period, an individual is given do and don’ts. This helps in improving the responsibilities of an individual.

SDLC and Scrum

In SDLC different phases are included. These faces are planning, analysis, design and implementation of the system. Some models that are mainly used in SDLC are waterfall, spring, and V-shaped model. Moreover, the lifecycle includes the following steps; conceptualization, initialization, analysis, designing, coding, testing, implementation, and finally maintenance. However, Scrum is a team packed mode of software development where every member of teamwork together with other members. The main difference between the two is in SDLC there is a protocol to follow while in Scrum there is no specific protocol. Another different is that SDLC is more documented while Scrum little documentation is involved. SDLC is suited for the project while Scrum is suited for products.

Importance of MIS

There are different merits that an organization experience through the use of MIS. One of these advantages is that it satisfies the diverse needs through the development of different systems. This helps in ensuring that an organization has thoroughly enjoyed the services given by the system. Another importance of these systems is that they made the integration of different parts and bodies within an organization. Similarly, there is a full implementation of knowledge and technology through the use of the systems.

MIS also helps in strategic planning, control of management as well as operational and transactional processes. This is through enabling clients to access their accounts at their location and do relevant transactions. Besides, they help in time saving and efficient work output. Another importance is that decision making is more quickly through the use of these systems. Furthermore, customers’ responses to the services they receive are corrected effectively. Moreover, they help in managing short term projects. In data collection, they ensure there is a useful data collection that results in a piece of adequate information after processing.