Ideologies on Gay Rights

Ideologies on Gay Rights

Gay Rights movements are some of the prominent social transformation that has taken place in the past two decades. Changes occur in laws enacted by legislatures and judiciaries have made massive improvement in public opinions and ideologies regarding gay issues, especially marriage. This paper addresses five arguments from the perspectives of different schools of thought. Specifically, communism, Libertarianism, Conservatism, Liberalism and Fascism citing the inconsistencies across and within their structures. Some ideologies are addressed alluding to historical, philosophical, and or current situations to illustrate the essence of gay rights from different angles.

Communism is a theory regarding social organization where all properties are communally owned as every individual receives and contributes alluding to their needs and abilities.  Gay rights under communism have undergone different radical transformations since history. During the Marxist administrations, opinions regarding gay rights varied significantly where some political parties supported the right while others disputed them. In the 21^st Century, all the communist parties in the western region support gay rights (Brickell 235). The Western communists argue that homosexual should be granted the freedom of marriage just as heterosexuals. Such unions should be termed legal under the law as Anglicans should lack voice of determining policies by the government. During the 20^th Century, western communist leaders initiated the opinion on discussions regarding gays, and the acts of homosexuality were consequences of capitalism “in its death throes” (Ball 127). According to them, the art of homosexuality would completely disappear. Gays were in particular occasions expelled from communist groups as others were denied membership across the world. Ones Hitler’s power was seized, the Marxist intellectuals began correlating fascism homosexuality.

The art of fascism refers to an authoritarian far-right embedded in ultra-nationalism which is characterized by strong regimentation of economy and society, forcible suppression of opposers, as well as dictatorial power which dominated Europe in the early 20^th Century (Ball 130). The historical view of homosexuality in relation to fascism was never limited to the extreme left. A study named “The Mind of Adolf Hitler” which was developed by the OSS (Office of Strategic Services), Walter Langer, a psychoanalyst hypothesized an attraction which is held by fascism towards gay rights (Traverso 457). According to the expert, fascists argue that the fact that gays inwardly feel different as well as excluded from the societal norms, allows them to easily convert to the new social philosophy that never discriminates against their social orientation(Traverso 458). Since they belong to the group of civilization’s discontents, gays are willing to be a part of a new element which promises to improve their situations although their hey have a small chance of succeeding. Since they have little to lose, they can indulge in an opportunity which others may not be able to take.

Liberalism is a moral and political philosophy which is embedded in liberty, equality in law, and government consent (Reno 65). While liberals feature a series of views regarding the mentioned principles, they generally advocate for human rights, freedom of speech, religion, and press, democracy, gender equality, capitalism, and racial equality.  According to the Liberal party in France, Liberals wishes to transform all forms of marriage, whether religious or not, into a private affair as it comprises of two consenting adults, excluding the regard for sex as well as further responsibility beyond attending local magistrate office to acknowledge the state regarding the union. The individuals also wish such type of concerns to replace the PACS, which is a form of civil union in France.

The liberals recognize that gay rights have been part of the democratic society for more than a decade. They assert the theory of “born this way” by arguing that the orientation of homosexuals is a natural phenomenon hence, need similar protection just as groups such as sex and race (Reno 67). Moreover, certain prominent Republicans like Meghan McCain who voiced his advocacy for the repeal of “Don’t Ask Don’t Tell” as well as gay marriage legalization, have maintained that the rights to exercise homosexuality have a similar ideology of the conservatives (Ball 133). Moreover, most millennials and Generation X and Y have long spoken to pollsters arguing that gay marriage is an element that makes sense to their conscious. They regard the aspect as a story about liberty, about rights, and it should not be in anyone’s business except for the couples involved. They also assert that not only the secular kids are engaged in gay acts, but also evangelicals; hence, it is a question that pertains to everyone in society.

Similar to Liberalism, conservatism is a socio-political philosophy that accepts and promotes the traditional social institutions alluding to civilization and culture. The primary baselines of conservatism include property, hierarchy, tradition, authority, and organic society. Over the years, the amount to Gay rights advocates towards conservative policies has significantly increased since the modern civil rights groups on LGBT surfaced in the 1970s (Brickell 239). On the other hand, many other LGBT conservative have remained closeted in nations where socially conservative politicians lead the organization which outrightly oppose LGBT rights and attain support from the backlash of liberals. The situation, as well as the ideology regarding gay rights, varies across the tenets conservatism.

President Obama, who is a conservative, during the ABC interview, argued based on emotional appeal that depriving the gays of their rights would mean discrimination on equality basis. According to him, within a large number of American, at least 5 to 10% of the population are gays, hence such form of deprivation would likely discriminate, a friend, a family member, a neighbour, or a distant relative from enjoying equality rights (Collins 120). Similarly, Edmund Burke, who is the father of Conservatism argued that “a partnership not only between those who are living but between those who are living, those who are dead and those who are to be born.”  In terms of marriage, the father of conservatism asserted that gays are pleading with the society to join the stream of tradition by Burke. The entire LGBT community are asking the society to be constrained instead of liberates, such that they should be tied to commitment which is greater than their personal views which is also larger than each other.

During President Obama’s interview with the ABC News, Rod Dreher, American Conservative editor, issued a different response towards the liberals concerns regarding their arguments against gay rights (Brickell 237). According to Dreher, by featuring the traditionalist views regarding gay marriage as an element of “irrational hatred,” the liberals in the U.S have developed powerful psychological and social pressures which have encouraged the Americans to dismiss the gay rights.

A series of inconsistencies exist between the conservatism groups regarding the rights that protect gays in Cuba. In September 2018, due to the conservative opposition and public concerns against the possibility that the legalization of gay marriage would take effect in Cuba, Presiden Miguel Diaz-Canel, first interview with the Telesur Television after assuming the office, announced his support  for gay marriage asserting that “marriage between people without any restrictions” (Collins 145). The president even defended the draft constitution stating that the constitution eliminates all types of discrimination within the society. On the other hand, under the lead of President Laurentino Cortizo, who is a renown social conservative, a constitutional reform which intended to ban gay marriage was passed by the Panama National Assembly. The constitution only allowed a type of marriage which involves both men and women.

It refers to a collection of several diverse political movements and philosophies which bases their arguments on the liberty principles. Libertarianism seeks to expand autonomy, as well as political freedom, focusing on elements such as voluntary association, individual judgment, and freedom of choice. There are significant similarities between libertarian of New Zealand and Russia. According to the libertarian party of New Zealand, they not only embrace the civil union concept but also advocate for the freedom of marriage between a couple of same-sex, polygamous marriage, and marriage between individuals who are related in one way or another (Collins 149). As long as the parties within the union are within the appropriate age limits and consenting, then they are free to do as per their choice.

In Russia, libertarians argue that they support absolute freedom of expression and discourage government regulations, censorship, or control of technology and media alluding to communication. Libertarians favour all privileges of abstaining from or engaging in religious activities which fails to discriminate others in one way or another.  According to the libertarians, sexual preference, gender, orientation, or gender identity are some elements which should have no impact on how the government should treat peoples in child custody, military service, marriages, immigration or adoption (Price 117). The school of thought argues that the government lacks any control of defining, restricting, or licensing personal relationships since consenting adults have the freedom to choose how to conduct their sexual practices as well as personal relationships.

Libertarians accept the fact that every human being was born with particular inherent rights. They, therefore, reject the idea that natural rights may impose obligations upon others with a view of satisfying that “right” (Price 118). The libertarians condemn all acts of bigotry as alien and irrational. As such, the authority should neither abridge nor deny people their human rights that are grounded in ethnicity, personal habits, sex, wealth, sexual orientation, creed, political preference, or national origin.

In conclusion, Gay right is controversial, which has raised a series school of thought to act per their beliefs. Communism and fascism supports gay rights by asserting that homosexuals have the freedom to exercise the right of marriage just as the heterosexuals. Liberals also support gay rights stating that gays were born that way, and the society should respect such orientations. On the other hand, conservative have inconsistencies regarding gay right as other advocates for such rights while their counterparts in social arena dispute the rights by forming anti-gay movements. While libertarians possess different views regarding gay rights,  a significant bit of the groups advocate for the rights of homosexuals.