All countries, developed and developing, are striving to control smoking and better the health and wellness of the vulnerable population and the general population at large. The United Kingdom, in this case, joins other states in addressing the issue and preventing the health emergency burdens related to smoking. This presentation, therefore, describes major evidence-based approaches that England can consider in addressing smoking and better the health of the at-risk population, including young adults and pregnant mothers.
Key terms in addressing smoking are a crucial strategy that allows the target audience to map how some countries, such as Turkey and Brazil, have successfully upheld tobacco policies. In this presentation, these key terms will help understand the whole issue of tobacco and why it remains an issue of concern in a public health emergency. For instance, according to research findings, tobacco smoking is considered among the leading causes of preventable death. It is hugely linked to a wide range of health issues, among them cancer and heart disease.
Smoking, according to research findings, is considered a public health case of concern and a cause of significant emergency cases both in the United Kingdom and the world at large; among the main issues associated with smoking include the risk of developing cancer and respiratory health issues. Blood pressure and heart issues are also considered. It is for this reason that the National Health Services UK ranks smoking as one of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the nation. Statistically, their research links close to half a million cases of annual admissions and more than 100,000 deaths associated with a huge economic burden both directly and indirectly. This burden is thus a justification for the need to address the issue and restore populational health and wellness.
The general population in England are victims of either active or passive smokers. However, the burden of the issue and complexity of health outcomes weigh heavily among young adults, who, in this case, form the more significant majority of smokers. These are the people in colleges and high schoolers and thus at most important risk of developing health outcomes from smoking, including cancer and all other issues that come from tobacco addiction. Then there are the pregnant mothers who are also at the most significant risk of the extensive side effects of smoking. Some of the side effects of smoking among this population include neonatal animalities, stillbirths, and preterm, among others. All these affect England’s health care expenditure and the general wellness of the population.
With the growing intensity of tobacco’s effects on health and general expenditure in the global care system, different countries are considering evidence-based approaches to manage the issue. Some of these interventions vary from policy changes to health promotion. Regardless of the wide range of interventions, the issue of smoking continues to be an alarming threat to the health system. In the case of the UK, these interventions have played a massive role in reducing the burden of smoking from 10.6% to 8%. However, the target goal has yet to be achieved. In 2015, the goal was to reduce smoking to at least 11% and make England smoke-free by 2020. To achieve this goal, there is a need to evaluate and create reforms on these interventions.
According to research evidence, the most strategic evidence-based interventions that countries such as Turkey have implemented in making the nation smoking-free is a multidimensional approach that collaborates all the effective strategies. Each intervention to consider adding in the multidisciplinary team targets the issue from one dimension, collectively leading to the achievement of a common goal. From this case, involving as many stakeholders as possible in change management is a step closer to achieving the target goal.
As much as multidimensional change management is necessary in the healthcare system, implementing a multidimensional change is incredibly complex considering the multilevel and different sectors to be included in the process. The change process theories, including dynamic adaptation and practical, robust implementation and sustainability model (PRISM), play a crucial role in understanding how stakeholders across different agencies can optimally integrate various changes to sustain change and meet the set goals by the stipulated time. These theories emphasize the role of each sector and stakeholder and how they can integrate evidence-based management in every changing aspect to be considered an intervention. Understanding these models is crucial in enhancing the understandability and approach to addressing the complexity surrounding the efficiency gap of the discussed evidence-based practice.
According to research, England aimed to reduce the smoking burden to at least 11% by 2015. however, by 2019-2019, the rate of smoking was at the highest as the burden of smokers was 21% of the general population. This clearly indicates that the present evidence-based approaches are pointing out a possible inefficiency. Research evidence recommends implementing multidimensional and multilevel approaches to improve efficiency and address smoking issues in England. This entails the implementation and priority of all strategies with a commendable efficiency rate as the approaches meet the better threshold of success towards a common goal.