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  RE: Discussion Prompt

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            RE: Discussion Prompt

            Research that is not bound on theory results in distinct information or data which is not related to the accumulated knowledge that the discipline has. The theory is essential since it guides the research process by forming the research questions and aiding in analysis, design, and interpretation. Moreover, the type of research to be done depends on the question asked and the present state of theory development. The basic examples of theories include explanatory, descriptive, prescriptive, and predictive.

Descriptive Theory: Descriptive theory refers to a set of propositions that try to describe specific characteristics or dimensions of a topic, person, or group, often by providing additional information. The purpose of descriptive theory in research is to give more details, close the gaps in missing parts, and expand our understanding of the topic being discussed. The descriptive theory also provides observation and meaning to an event or topic being discussed.

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Explanatory Theory: Explanatory theory is any theory that enhances the explanation of a particular phenomenon or class of phenomena. Explanatory theories can take many forms, including sociological theory, functional(ist) explanation, and meaningful understanding and explanation. The purpose of explanatory theory is to look into the pivotal relationships between concepts. According to Baskerville & Pries-Heje (2010), general assumption, however, is that while explaining the phenomena, the facts rarely speak for themselves hence need explanation.

Predictive Theory: Predictive theory refers to an approach that uses concepts to describe future outcomes. Predictive research is essential in generating and testing experimental research to influence a phenomenon and determine how it can change the character of a different event.

Prescriptive Theory: This theory describes a specific activity, the goal of the activity, and an analysis of what the activity entails. Prescriptive theories give guidelines on what to do for specific outcomes to be achieved and are derived from experience or descriptive methods.

References

Baskerville, R., & Pries-Heje, J. (2010). Explanatory theory. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 2(5), 271-282.

 

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