Security Management
Assignment 7 (Chapter 10)
Answer 1
The entry-level requirements for the selection and training of security officers vary across the states. However, there are hiring standards that are similar among the states. The entry-level security officers will be required to meet the following:
- The candidate should be at least 21 years for an armed security officer and at least 18 years for an unarmed security guard. Besides, the candidate should be capable of performing functions for that position.
- The candidate should have a General Education Development (GED) certificate or a high school diploma.
- The candidate is having no history of disobedience of law.
Answer 2
Topics covered in entry-level security training:-
- Patrol operations
- Interpersonal skills
- Court testimony
- Life-safety procedures
- Use of force.
Answer 3
Differences between Proprietary Option and Contract Option
In a proprietary option, the security officers are under the management of the company, and they enjoy the benefits of regular employees. The option is appropriate where management values loyal employees, hates labor turnover, and prefers to take close control of security officers. The Chief Security Officer (CSO) is supposed to ensure that security officers contribute to protecting the assets of the organization. Besides, the CSO works closely with the Human Resource. The recruitment and training process is handled by the organization or controlled by CSO. The hiring process is handled by the organization, unlike in the contract security services. Don't use plagiarised sources.Get your custom essay just from $11/page
In the contract option, the management does not want to commit themselves in the supervision of the security officers. The company solicits security officers from the security contract firms; this is usually from making bids from security firms. The CSO, while making bids, has to consider quality performance, quick response to customer’s concerns, and competitive payroll rate.
Answer 4
Needs Assessment refers to the way an organization decides the type of security to provide services. The firm, while determining the needs assessment, has to consider the assets to be protected, knowledge level of the security officers, and physical safeguards required to enable security guard operations. Regarding assets, the business has to prioritize the type of assets, acquisition costs, and replacements cost if an asset is destroyed, stolen or damaged. Critical assets are very crucial to the business; damage or destruction or asset been stolen results in crippling the business operations and ranked highly on the list. Secondly, the CSO has to consider whether the firm has adequate physical safeguards and the availability of written records to provide guidelines to the security officers. Thirdly, the CSO has to determine areas of potential vulnerabilities, such as the number of security guards, knowledge of the guards, security lighting, and perimeter fencing.
Physical safeguards to enable security officers may include physical structures, access control systems, intrusion detection devices, gates, duress alarms, security lighting, communication equipment, protective gear, vehicles, and safes. Physical safeguards can be either be affixed, such as gates or portable such as cellphones. Written constructions may include duty schedules, special orders, standard operating procedures, temporary orders, and emergency contact lists.
Answer 5
As discussed in the above question, the firm needs to determine critical assets. Critical assets that are ranked highly in the priority, if removed from the business, will cripple the operations of the firm.
Answer 6
Life-safety programs refer to a variety of measures put in place to curb life-threatening emergencies such as severe weather, terrorism, bomb accidents and fire. The CSO is usually assigned the following tasks to have effective life-safety programs.
- Training of guards for any emergency response.
- Assisting in the preparation of the Life-Safety Plan.
- Designating life-safe responsibilities to guards.
- Liaising with other emergency response groups such as ambulance services and municipal securities.
Answer 7
Failure to perform a provision occurs when the security guards fail to honour the contractual agreement between the security services and client; the contract details specified standards the security guards have to observe and honor.
Assignment 8 (Chapter 11)
Answer 1
Two types of physical security
- Perimeter
- Barriers
Answer 2
Factors to consider when selecting security safeguards:-
- Environment: The surrounding area will significantly influence the type of safeguard. For example, safeguards for the ammunition factory will have great security safeguards as compared to that of a fertilizer plant.
- Forces of Nature: Refers to the type of weather or climate environment. For example, some sensor devices are vulnerable to floods and sinkholes, while others are affected by high temperatures.
- Crime: The rate of crime in the region will influence the type of safeguard to be chosen. If the region had recorded, a high crime rate would require high-security safeguards and low-security safeguards in low crime rate areas.
- Terrorism: Refers to a threat above the usual safeguards. The selection of safeguards will be based on a likely type of threat and site characteristics.
- Site characteristics: The choice of safeguards may be determined by factors such as surrounding society, previous threat occurrences, assets, and internal activities.
Answer 3
The concept of concentric rings refers to where there are several layers of security, and it becomes difficult for any intruder to bypass all the layers. Layer 4 (see diagram below) refers to the outmost ring where an intruder can be seen by electronic or human. Layer 3 will comprise fences, CCTV cameras, detection sensors, and guard posts. Layer 2 may include electronic doors for the entry to the building. Layer 1 may comprise safes, vaults, and motion-detection devices to control accessing restricted areas.
Answer 4
The advantages of perimeter fencing are to deter, delay unwanted intruders, and detect.
Answer 5
Types of security lighting
- Floodlighting; Refers to continuous lighting during hours of darkness to provide protection; they are mounted on pole or roofs.
- Glare lighting, found in protected areas and high-intensity light, is directed to an intruder, and he/she cannot be able to see what is ahead.
- Controlled lighting is a kind of light that does not interfere with nearby activities, for example, moving traffic light.
- Emergency lighting is a kind of lamps that lit up once there is power failure; a backup generator powers them.
Answer 6
- Functions of Sensors
- Detecting intruders
- Opening a portal
- Turning another device off or on
Answer 7
Sensors are grouped according to;-
- Convert and visible
- Visible
- Convert
- Terrain-following
- Line detection
- Line-of-sight
- Volumetric
- Active
- Exterior
- Passive
- Interior
Answer 8
Common types of sensors;-
- Magnetic field sensor; they detect metal objects within the magnetic field.
- Vibration sensors; are sensors that detect vibrations resulting from breaking glass, interference with the fence or smashing a wall.
- Electric field sensor
- Taut wire sensor
Answer 9
Two-Person Rule
The two-person rule is applied where the protected area is sensitive, and entry is allowed for only two people, each with a key. One version is where the critical custodian issue the key when the two authorized persons are present. Another version is where the protected area has two locks; the key custodian will issue the key when both authorized persons are present. The two-person rule is often applied in banks to open the vaults (Fay & Patterson, 2018).
References
Fay, J., & Patterson, D. (2018). Contemporary security management. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.