Texas Border, Immigration and Security

Texas Border, Immigration and Security

Introduction

For a given period of more than a century, the region of Sabine north was the territory that was between Spain and France, the U.S  together with Spain and the and also United. States and Mexico. This was after the Texas Republic started in 1836. The U.S and Texas came together and established a joint commission, which was mainly to survey and mark the boundaries between these nations. The survey crew started at 1840 at the Mexico Gulf; first, it established a 36-foot pole in the middle as they continued to place 8 foot at each mile following the Sabine River proceeding to Red River. The west marked the Republic of Texas as the east was for the U.S.

Brief History

Many of the Americans do accept the manifest destiny of the 1840s. This manifest suggested that it was the right for the expansion of the U.S towards the Pacific Ocean. In that, the boundary that separated Mexico from the United States was the foregone conclusion (Davidson, 2019). This, therefore, included Great Britain in this equation since it shared with the United States the Oregon Country.

Many Americans got influenced as they perceived that the British aimed to block the U.S not to expand to the Pacific to control California that was under Mexico. Due to agreeing on the 49^th parallel that is currently the border that separates the U.S and Canada that was between the U.S and Britain, made the ambitions of Britain to be more explicit (Argueta, 2016). The then-president James Polk still maintained his focus expansion of the territorial limits.

The congress of the United States in 1845 voted for the annex, making it the  Republic of Texas for securing her independence of de facto that was in  1836 during the Texas Revolution from Mexico even if Mexico did not recognize her sovereignty. During this period Between annexation and independence, the state of Texas kept on expanding her territory to the west as Mexico was reintegrating her; this action resulted in land claims together with the ill-defined border among the two states.

Due to her refusal to Texas, Mexico went ahead to officially recognize the boundaries that were outlined in the Transcontinental Treaty, which was between Spain and the U.S, which consisted of the Mexico -U.S border. This was due to the emerging of the border dispute during the mid-1840s, which argued that the Mexico border was to be located along Nueces River, of which the United States desired being stationed at the farther south towards the location of Rio Grande. This was during the period Texas faced annexation from the U.S, it made Mexico suffer from diplomatic relations with the United States. Due to the failure of diplomatic efforts from the United States to come up with an agreement on Mexico- Texas border as well as purchasing Mexico’s California together with the recently designed Mexico boundaries opened doors for the American -Mexican War, which resulted and facilitated the emergence of the Texas border.

Border Security and Immigration

According to the Homeland Department, border enforcement becomes the core element for the control of illegal migration. For the United States border team of Patrol together with the United States customs as well as protecting the border and acting as a lead agency based on the most border. Focusing on border enforcement, this has been a continuous congressional interest since the 1970s. This was the period when immigration leads to a national series problem. The hand is that security also attracted much attention due to terrorist attacks during the year of 2001.

This, therefore, as from the 1990s, control at the border becomes guided under the strategy that promotes prevention by deterrence. Based on this idea of personnel concentration, surveillance technologies, and infrastructure experienced along the regions that are trafficked was to discourage unauthorized immigrants from getting access to the United States. Tougher penalties have been imposed to discourage unauthorized immigration. Some policies are described as enforcement with consequences.

According to Fonseca and Rosen (2017), based on many indicators, the U.S was forced to expand its resources of enforcement at almost about the last three decades. For instance, in 2001, the increases were for personnel, infrastructure, fencing, border security appropriates, and surveillance technology. To add to the increased resources, there is the implementation of other strategies by the USBP for the past decades, all this for the attempt to end unauthorized migration. For example, in 2014, the then-president Obama and his administration came out to announce the executive actions that were to fix the immigration system. Among the issues that were under this fix was to revise the security plan specifically at the southern border.

The border patrol department as well collects data from various boundaries enforcement. In this detailed report, all moves globally in recidivism, boundaries apprehensions together with estimated turnbacks, and got aways are extensively outlined. But on the other hand, yet none of this data comes out to be used to measure unauthorized flows at the border or as well illustrating to which degree the border is safe. This report also from the border patrol outlines the methods that were to be employed to measure the border security on operational and also the strategic level (Argueta, 2016).

The enhanced border enforcement, on the other hand, can be viewed as a contributor to several secondary costs together with benefits. There is a level to which this enforcement has successfully deterred any unauthorized entries (Argueta, 2016). Thus, this enforcement has the navy chance to reduce border violence, as well as the deaths of the immigrants, cannot be deterred, protection of fragile border systems as well as improving the standards of living of the people living along the border.

References

Argueta, C. N. (2016). Border security: Immigration enforcement between ports of entry.

Davidson, J. D. (2019). A Brief History of Border Security 1836 to Present.

Fonseca, B., & Rosen, J. D. (2017). Immigration and Border Security. The New US Security         Agenda (pp. 59-85). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.