The Dynamic Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Eukaryotic cells are more structurally advanced than prokaryotic cells. Describe the structure and function of each of the eukaryotic organelles

Eukaryotic cells are the most structurally developed of the significant kinds of cells. They are much larger than prokaryotic cells. The eukaryotic cell contains a ribosome, cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Eukaryotic cells have several rod-shaped chromosomes; several membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria, chloroplast, Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum; and a membrane-bound nucleus. Every eukaryotic organelle has a different structure and function. Membranous organelles are different from organelles which are not membranous. The membrane structure has several functions and importance in the organization of the living processes within cells.

The Nucleus and its Structure

The famous normal organelle in a cell is the nucleus. Eukaryotic cells contain a true nucleus indicating that a membrane surrounds the DNA of a cell. Nucleus stores DNA. The membrane surrounds DNA. RNA is then transcribed, and DNA is stored in the nucleus. Therefore, the nucleus is typically taken to be a kind of brains behind the operation of eukaryotic cells and takes care of guiding cellular activity and has a hereditary resource known as chromosome that is produced from DNA. SER generates fat, and therefore it is more detoxification. SER is the element of the organelle that is mainly designed for developing things that assist the primary function of the cells as opposed to the main reason of the eukaryotic cell. The nucleus guides the synthesis of ribosomes and protein. Its envelope is punctuated with poles that govern the passage of RNA, molecules and ions between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Chromosomes are linear structures.

Other membrane-Bound Organelles

Mitochondria are oval-shape with self DNA and ribosomes. The generate adenosine triphosphate by carrying out cellular respiration. It is also fundamental for other processes to be effective. For instance, this is where energy is generated. Cells can’t operate without energy making mitochondria essential and needed in the entire organ. When humans consume foods, energy is generated from these resources in the mitochondria. Lysosome assists in breaking down food through the digestive enzymes. It is a kind of recycling center since it recycles trash of the body in cells.

The endoplasmic reticulum changes synthesized lipids and proteins. Golgi apparatus is where distribution, packaging, tagging and sorting of proteins and lipids are carried out. This area stores protein from RER into membrane-bound vesicles and then moves towards the cell membrane. In the cell membrane, larger fats are combined with the incoming vesicles resulting in contents either being part of the cell membrane or waste for the larger section. Various types of molecules often have various results when moving into the Golgi apparatus. It can be taken to be a shipping system of the cell within protein being the source that is tagged and moved via Golgi apparatus and process of organelles with the eukaryotic cells.  Peroxisomes are tiny, round organelles surrounded by one membrane. Peroxisomes perform oxidation reaction that breaks down amino acids and fatty acids. They also detoxify several poisons that might enter. Vacuoles and vesicles are membrane-bound sacs performing in transport and storage. Ribosomes develop the proteins in the cells. RER enables the cell to operate rather than making it operate properly. The SER makes the designs for the manner in which the cell will operate.

Distinguish between those that are and are not membranous

The cell membrane encloses membranous organelles; they are fluid-filled and separated from the cytoplasm. The endoplasmic reticulum is a double-membrane system that takes part in the movement of substance to different areas within the cell. Golgi is also membranous organelle with a secretory role within the cell. Lysosomes are membranous vesicles developed from the Golgi apparatus with digestive enzymes. Non-membranous organelles don’t have a boundary for organelles and therefore don’t contain fluid-filled cavities. In prokaryotic cells, every organelle is a non-membranous including intermediate filaments, microfilaments and microtubules.

The membranous and non-membranous organelles have differences in definition as well as in other aspects. Membranous organelles are organelles which are surrounded by cell membrane to separate the fluid-filled spaces of the organelle. Non-membranous organelles are organelle without a surrounding membrane to separate the organelle from the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, they don’t have membranous organelles, and for non-membranous organelles, prokaryotes organelles are the non-membranous organelles.

Membranous organelles contain fluid-filled cavities in the organelles while the non-membranous organelles lack fluid-filled cavities in the organelles. Membranous organelles comprise a defined surrounding to the organelle while the non-membranous organelles are continuous with the cytoplasm. Membranous organelles include the nucleus, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Non-membranous organelles include flagella, cilia, centrioles, nucleoids, ribosomes and components of the cytoplasm such as the intermediate filaments, microfilament and the microtubules. Therefore, the primary difference between membranous and non-membranous organelles is the absence or presence of a defined surrounding within the cytoplasm.

Explain the importance of membrane structure and function in the organization of living processes within cells

Although it has several purposes and functions, the main function of the membrane and also its importance in the organization of living processes within cells is protection roles. It assists in offering protection for the cell and protecting the cell from damage. Besides the RNA and DNA, the cell membrane is usually taken to be the cell’s most valuable section, specifically when it concerns living cells or the living organism. A cell can develop perfect machinery within the cell to perform its role and replicate DNA as well as the cell which is the single reason why it survives mainly because of pH concentration and ion concentration as well. The function in the organization of living processes in the cell maybe because of the blood system and the skeletal systems of the body to protect that cell; which is essential to the body where it lives. The membrane also permits the cell to affect or change to a large level the ions that are brought in and expelled, actively and passively.

In the absence of a better intake system and other aspects with minimal responsibilities in the process, the proteins within the cell can’t operate properly. Cells seem to have machinery that assists them to associate with other types of cells; some may find themselves on the membrane to have some way of association with different cells. Cells can inject other tiny cells with small DNA molecules, either developing assisting or resisting genes. Because everything has to be compartmentalized in life in different shape or form, nature’s manner of carrying out this operation depends on the cell membrane.

In conclusion, eukaryotic cells are the most structurally developed and are much larger than prokaryotic cells. They have membrane-bound organelles inside the cell. Membranous and non-membranous organelles are organelles within a cell. They have a difference in that membranous organelles have a defined boundary while the non-membranes organelles are continuous without a defined boundary.  Besides the defined differences, membranous and non-membranous also have similarities like both being found in the eukaryotes and being specialized structures that carry out a unique function in the cell. The membrane function and structure in the organization of living processes have crucial importance — the membrane cell assists in offering protection for the cell and avoids damage to the cell.